Have you ever looked at your orchid and wondered what to do with those thick, winding roots growing up from the pot? They sometimes seem wild and uncontrolled, and it's tempting to just cut them off for a neater look. Yet that's not a good idea. Aerial roots are much more important than they appear at first glance.
What are aerial roots?
Aerial roots are roots that grow above the substrate, in contact with the air. They are typical of epiphytic orchids, such as the popular Phalaenopsis, that grow on trees in nature and use their roots to attach to bark and draw moisture and nutrients from the air. These roots are covered with a spongy tissue called velamen, which quickly absorbs water and protects them from drying out.
Why you shouldn't cut them off
They are functional, not superfluous
Aerial roots play an important role in absorbing moisture and nutrients, especially in dry environments or low humidity. They help the plant survive when the potting soil (or bark mix) is temporarily dry.
Cutting them off can cause damage
If you cut off a healthy root, you create an open wound. This can make the orchid susceptible to infections, such as bacterial or fungal infections, that enter through the wound.
They provide information about the health of your plant
Healthy aerial roots are firm, gray or silvery when dry and green when moist. So they can tell you a lot about the plant's condition and how well your care is tailored to its needs.
They are part of the plant's natural appearance
Although aerial roots sometimes seem messy, they are part of orchids' natural growth habit. By accepting them, you get closer to how these plants develop in the wild - which is often much more interesting than a tightly modeled houseplant.
So what can you do?
If the aerial roots really get in the way, such as by hanging over the edge of a windowsill or pressing against the wall, you can gently guide them. For example, point them slightly up or down, without forcing them. You can also consider using a larger or deeper pot where the roots will have a little more room - although this is usually not necessary.
Summary
Aerial roots are a perfectly normal and healthy part of an orchid. Cutting them off is not only unnecessary, but can be harmful. So by all means, leave them in place, no matter how quirky they look. Your orchid will thank you.
